DEPARTMENT PET327 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING LABORATORY DENSITY EXPERIMENT
DEPARTMENT
OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
COVENANT
UNIVERSITY,CANNANLAND OTA,OGUN STATE,NIGERIA.
PET327
PETROLEUM
ENGINEERING LABORATORY
DENSITY
EXPERIMENT
GROUP
F
OJO
FAITH OGHENEMUZAKPEME
15CN03279
DATE
PERFORMED : 19-01-2018
DATE
SUBMITTED :21-01-2018
ABSTARCT
The density
of the drilling fluid is important to maintaining well control. The essence of
this experiment is to determine the density of a given volume of mud sample,
gotten in various units which are subjected to various field uses. The starting
point of pressure control is the control of the mud density. Also outlined In
the report is the various procedures, precautions for accuracy, equipment’s
used and evaluation and discussions of the results.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………2
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………4
EXPERIMENTAL
APPARTUS…………………………………………………………..5
SAMPLE USED FOR THE
EXPERIMENT……………………………………………6
PROCEDURES………………………………………………………………………………..7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS…………………………..…………………………….8
PRECAUTIONS……………………………………………………………………………..9
CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………………………10
REFERENCE…………………………………………………………………………………..11
INTRODUCTION
Density is
the weight per unit volume of a substance. The density of any mud sample needs
to be determined before any drilling operation because the pressure exerted by
any static mud column depends on this density value and the drilling depth. The
important of mud density during drilling operations cannot e over emphasized:
it forms the starting point of pressure control.
The density
of a volume of mud is determined by using a mud balance. The experiment
consists essentially of filling the cup of the mud balance with mud sample and
determining the rider position required for balance.
The mud
balance consists of a base and balance arm with cup, lid, knife edge, rider
level glass and counter weight. The cup is attached to one end of the balance
arm and the counter weight is at the opposite end.
EXPERIMENTAL
APPARATUS
1) 4 scale mud balance
2) Measuring Cylinder
3) Weighing balance
4) Electric mixer
5) Spatula
6) Beaker
SAMPLE
USED FOR THE EXPERIMENT (PROCEDURES)
SAMPLE
1
1) I Weigh 35g of bentonite on the weigh
balance and measure 350ml of water in the measuring cylinder
2) I mixed evenly using the electric
mixer to prepare the mud sample until you get a homogenous mixture.
3) I placed the mud balance base in the
carry case on aflat level surface.
4) I placed the lid on the cup and set
it with a gentle twisting motion.
5) I Read the mud weight at the edge of
the reider towards the mud cup.
6) I poured the mixture into the 4-scale
mud balance till it is full.
7) I covered the cup with the lid.
8) I adjusted the rider until it
balances.
9) I Took readings in ppg, S.G, lb/ft3,
Psi/1000ft.
SAMPLE
2
1) Weigh 10g of barite using the
weighing balance.
2) Add the 10g of barite to the prepared
sample 1.
3) Use the electric mixer to mix evenly
to get a homogenous mixture.
4) Pour the mixture into the 4-scale mud
balance cup until it is full.
5) Cover the cup with the lid.
6) Adjust the rider until it balances.
7) Take readings in ppg, S.G, lb/ft3,
Psi/1000ft.
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSIONS
SAMPLE 1
PPG
SG
lb/ft3
Psi/1000ft
8.7
1.45
66
445
SAMPLE 2
PPG
SG
lb/ft3
Psi/1000ft
8.8
1.6
66.5
455
The table
above shows the weight of the mud and it differs in sample 1 from sample 2. And
this occurs due to the addition of barite to sample 1 and therefore increases
the weight of the mud.
PRECAUTIONS
1) I ensured that my 4-scale mud balance
was well calibrated before my measuring my mud.
2) I ensured that the cup of the mud of
the mud balance was wiped dry before balanced it on the knife edge.
CONCULSIONS
At the end
of my experiment I have concluded that test was accurate and correct.
REFERENCES
Darley,
H.C.H., Grey, G.R.:”Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion
Fluids (5th Edition)”, Gulf Professional Publishing, 1988, pp 6-8,
95.
Adam T.
Bourgoyne Jr., Keith K. Millheim, Martin E. Chenevert, F.S. Young Jr.: “Applied
Drilling Engineering (2nd Printing)”, Society of Petroleum
Engineers, 1991, pp 42-82.
Max R.
Annis, Martin V. Smith:”Drilling Fluids Technology (Revised Edition)”, Exxon
Company (U.S.A.), 1996, sections iii, iv, vi and vii.
Baker Hughes
INTEQ:”Drilling Engineering Workbook (A Distributed Learning Course)”, Baker
Hughes INTEQ Training & Development, 1995, pp 1-1 to 1-70.
Amoco
Production Company:”Drilling Fluids Manual”, pp 3-1, 8-2 to 8-5.
Baroid
Technology, Inc.:”Baroid Fluids Handbook”, Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., 1998,
pp 1-3.
